树莓派开机自动发送IP地址到邮箱-技术代码-神奇雨

1.编写开机获取IP地址的python程序

获取指定网卡的IP地址：ifconfig wlan0 | grep inet | grep -o -E ([0-9]+.){3}[0-9]+ | head -n 1获取IP地址： hostname -I

import osimport smtplibfrom email.mime.text import MIMETextfrom email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipartfrom email.header import Headerfrom email.mime.image import MIMEImageimport subprocessimport timeimport traceback#延时15秒，使系统准备完毕（连上网络）time.sleep(15)#获取指定网卡 wlan0 的ip地址cont = subprocess.getoutput("ifconfig wlan0 | grep inet | grep -o -E \([0-9]+\.\){3}[0-9]+ | head -n 1")localtime = time.asctime(time.localtime(time.time()))#将时间和IP地址写入日志文件中log = cont+" "+localtimewith open("launlog.txt","a") as f:  f.write("\n")  f.write(log)# 发送邮件服务器smtpserver = 'smtp.qq.com'#代发邮件的邮箱和用于登录的认证码(在QQ邮箱的设置中获取)sender = "xxxxxxxxxx@qq.com"aucode = 'xxxxxxxxxxx'#接收邮件的IP地址receiver = "xxxxxxxxxx@qq.com"message = MIMEMultipart('related')message['From'] = Header('RaspberryPi', 'utf-8')message['To'] = Header('树莓派', 'utf-8')subject = '树莓派'message['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')ipContent = "无线网络IP:"+contcontent = MIMEText(ipContent, 'plain', 'utf-8')message.attach(content)try:  smtp = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtpserver, 465)  smtp.ehlo()  smtp.login(sender,aucode)  smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, message.as_string())  smtp.quit()except smtplib.SMTPException:  #将异常信息写入日志文件中  with open("launlog.txt","a") as f:  f.write('\n')  f.write(traceback.format_exc())

2.编写开机启动脚本

wuxian.sh

#!/bin/bash### BEGIN INIT INFO# Provides:    scriptname# Required-Start:  $remote_fs $network# Required-Stop: $remote_fs $network# Default-Start: 3 4 5# Default-Stop:  0 1 6 2# Short-Description: Start daemon at boot time# Description:   Enable service provided by daemon.### END INIT INFOdo_start(){  python3 /home/pi/Desktop/wuxian.py  echo " start" >> /home/pi/Desktop/wuxian.txt}do_stop(){ echo "stop " >> /home/pi/Desktop/wuxian.txt}do_restart(){  echo "restart" >> /home/pi/Desktop/wuxian.txt}do_status(){  echo "status" >> /home/pi/Desktop/wuxian.txt}do_fallback(){  echo "fallback" >> /home/pi/Desktop/wuxian.txt}case "$1" instart) do_start  ;;stop) do_stop  ;;restart) do_restart  ;;status) do_status  ;;*) do_fallback  ;;esacexit 0

3、系统配置

（1）将 wuxian.sh 放置 /etc/init.d/ 文件夹中
（2）在 /etc/rc5.d/ 文件夹下创建一个wuxian.sh的软连接
（3）在终端中输入ln -s /etc/init.d/wuxian.sh ./S01wuxian.sh

注意：a.此时 wuxian.py 在 /home/pi/Desktop/ 中b.wuxian.sh在/etc/init.d/中c.软连接S01wuxian.sh在/etc/rc5.d/中d.有线网络的IP地址获取将Python脚本里面的wlan0改成eth0就行